Targeted Sanctions

The implementer's objectives in using the tool are clear.

The tool implementer has a high level of commitment, resolve, or credibility, or has committed a great deal of resources toward use of the tool.

The tool implementer or other actors are simultaneously implementing other tools that are consistent with the goals of the tool.

The country under study is a democracy. (Note - For our review, we assume that findings associated with autocracy or authoritarian regime type can be considered equivalent to findings associated with the absence of democracy.)

The target is a top leader or has high status.

The target has ties to the international financial system and/or family living abroad.

There is a high degree of international support for the use of the tool, or the tool implementer coordinates with other international actors on the use of the tool.

The tool is implemented late in the conflict or slowly after the appearance of early warning signs or occurrence of mass atrocities.

The tool implementer implements multiple types of targeted sanctions.

The target is a state actor or state group.